亚太经合组织(APEC)第十三次领导人非正式会议于2005年11月18-19日在韩国釜山举行。我国家主席胡锦涛率团出席会议。会上通过了《亚太经合组织流感大流行防控倡议》,号召APEC成员在现有卫生和备灾合作基础上,通过单边和集体努力,采取紧急行动,从源头遏制禽流感并防止人间大流行。 附件: 1、亚太经合组织(APEC)流感大流行防控倡议(中文摘要) 2、亚太经合组织(APEC)流感大流行防控倡议(英文全文) 亚太经合组织(APEC)流感大流行防控倡议 (摘要) 流感大流行威胁人类健康和全球经济、安全与稳定。高致病性禽流感病毒可能引发新一轮流感大流行。认识到这一迫切威胁,APEC成员将在现有卫生和备灾合作基础上,通过单边和集体努力,在符合有关国际法和各成员自身法律的基础上,采取紧急行动, 以从源头遏制禽流感并防止人间大流行。我们同意: 一、采取如下单边行动: ? 于2006年11月之前,根据世界卫生组织建议,制定、批准、执行多部门参与的流感大流行防控计划。 ? 以透明和公开的方式,按照国际惯例,及时与国际组织交流流行病学数据,实验室样本和病毒分离株。 ? 及时通报疑似和确诊的禽流感病例。 ? 加强防疫,尤其要提高农村和偏远地区的诊断能力。 ? 快速应对突发疫情。 ? 提高通报透明度,依据科学决策发布贸易和旅游警报。 ? 支持禽流感病毒、疫苗和抗病毒药物研发。 ? 尽快提高医药品生产和输送能力。 ? 制定家禽养殖业生物安全和卫生条例。 ? 确保成员间和各成员内部各部门相互协调。 ? 有关成员尽早落实已修改的国际卫生条例。 二、共同开展以下合作: ? 通过相关国际组织和传媒,加强风险通报,提高公众认知度。 ? 制定行动规范,确保流感大流行期间必要的服务、商务和贸易活动能够继续进行。 ? 加强国际协调,建立透明、有效的信息交流机制。 ? 与工商界合作,协助制定行业应急战略。 ? 通过APEC现有备灾、应急机制加强禽流感防控协调。 ? 强化区域快速反应机制,建立有关专家和政府负责官员清单。 ? 旅行者和商务人员流动信息交换。 ? 鼓励开展多部门参与的备灾能力测试,并于明年初进行虚拟模拟演练,测试区域反应和交流网络。 ? 推动对禽流感和有关防控措施的经济、社会影响进行评估。 ? 提高从根源上防止禽流感暴发的能力。 ? 全力支持科技研发。 APEC的合作将补充、支持,而不是重复相关国际组织的工作。APEC将发挥比较优势,通过推动多部门参与,公私合作和传递高层政治意愿等,为防控流感大流行作出贡献。
APEC Initiative on Preparing for and Mitigating an Influenza Pandemic An influenza pandemic has the potential to infect hundreds of millions world-wide, threatening global economies, security, and stability. The highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus, H5N1, which continues to cross borders, is a possible source of the next pandemic should the virus become easily transmissible between humans. Nine APEC economies [1] have experienced outbreaks in birds and three economies have reported human cases since 2003. The disease has also affected other parts of Asia and, recently, Europe. The disease has already devastated Southeast Asia's poultry industry and strained the economic and veterinary resources of several APEC economies. APEC member economies recognize this threat and ready to strengthen their efforts to prepare for and mitigate avian and pandemic influenza. APEC has recognized that addressing infectious diseases is crucial to not only securing the health of its citizens but also to the economic prosperity and stability of the region. In 2001, APEC Ministers endorsed the APEC Infectious Disease Strategy that outlined broad areas of work APEC could undertake to complement and support the work of WHO. APEC Leaders put forward both the SARS Action Plan and the Health Security Initiative in 2003 in response to the SARS crisis and potential bioterrorism threats. With the HIV/AIDS epidemic also threatening the region, Leaders advanced the initiative on Fighting Against AIDS in APEC in 2004. A dedicated Health Task Force in APEC was inaugurated in 2004 to specifically advance the health priorities of the Leaders and Ministers. A Task Force on Emergency Preparedness was also established by Senior Officials in 2005 to coordinate APEC work that builds regional capacity in the preparation for and mitigation of the effects of regional emergencies and natural disasters. APEC economies working individually and collectively will act urgently and in a sustainable manner, consistent with relevant international law and domestic legal authorities, to prepare for, prevent, and respond to an influenza pandemic. APEC economies agree to: · Commit and work individually to
develop, approve, and implement multi-sectoral, domestic influenza pandemic preparedness plans consistent with WHO recommendations by November 2006; collaborate and cooperate in a transparent and open manner, including the timely sharing of epidemiological data, laboratory samples and viral isolates, with international animal and human health organizations on surveillance and monitoring, in line with established rules and practices;
provide timely and complete reports of suspected and confirmed animal and human cases of notifiable [2] avian influenza;
strengthen disease surveillance, particularly by enhancing capacity to rapidly identify cases and clusters in rural and remote areas;
respond rapidly to outbreaks in animals and humans to contain and prevent an incipient pandemic; promote transparency in reporting by basing trade and travel restrictions on the science-based recommendations of relevant international organizations; support efforts to advance research on avian influenza viruses, vaccine and antiviral development and production; support the development, as quickly as possible, of mechanisms to increase production capacity, and enhance pharmaceutical delivery, so that there can be equitable access to vaccines and antivirals world-wide; develop, consistent with the recommendations of relevant international organizations, practical and science-based bio-security guidelines for the poultry sector and veterinary policy guidelines on animal husbandry;
ensure coordinated action among all stakeholders, from both HPAI-unaffected and HPAI-affected economies and between domestic agencies, particularly between human and animal health authorities; and strive, where appropriate, for the early implementation of the revised International Health Regulations (2005). · Work collectively to
enhance locally appropriate risk communication and public awareness in collaboration with the FAO and WHO pandemic risk communication steering committee and through partnerships with media and other key stakeholders; develop protocols for continuity of essential services, business, and trade during pandemic emergencies;
enhance international coordination to establish protocols for efficient and transparent information sharing among economies and international organizations, in support of the objectives of the revised International Health Regulations (2005) and recognizing OIE standards; strengthen interaction with the business community, particularly through the APEC Business Advisory Council (ABAC), such as addressing industry agricultural practices and incorporating pandemic preparedness in addition to disaster preparedness into business continuity strategies; increase coordination of pandemic preparedness and response as part of APEC's natural disaster and emergency preparedness strategy, including through an effective communications system and a register of the avian and pandemic influenza management coordinators for each economy; enhance rapid regional response by developing a list of available and funded regional experts and other capabilities in public health and disaster management and providing that list to APEC economies and expert international organizations in pandemic response; exchange information on management of travelers and expatriate business communities, including entry and exit screening procedures and controls as contained in domestic plans for avian and pandemic influenza, to increase transparency and reduce risk to trade and travel; encourage testing of multi-sectoral pandemic preparedness, beginning with a regional desktop simulation exercise in early 2006 to test the effectiveness of regional communication networks on avian and pandemic influenza outbreaks; promote and conduct assessments of pandemic preparedness, socio-economic impact of avian influenza mitigation and control strategies in birds, and economic consequences for agriculture; enhance capacity building in preventing and controlling a pandemic of avian origin at its source, by iproving bio-security, monitoring, surveillance and emergency response to transboundary animal diseases, and in assisting economies to minimize the economic, social and other costs of a pandemic; and assist and support, to the best of APEC's ability and resources, research efforts aimed at enhancing the region's preparedness and response. APEC's collective work should complement and support, not duplicate those of international organizations such as WHO, FAO and OIE and seek to leverage areas of particular APEC value-added such as multi-sectoral participation, private-sector partners, broad regional reach, managing economic impact and high-level political commitment. It should also complement existing APEC health security and disaster response initiatives.
·Welcome and support the International Partnership on Avian and Pandemic Influenza and the statement from the Health Ministerial on Global Pandemic Influenza Readiness held in Ottawa in October 2005.
·Endorse the recommendations of the Health Task Force symposium on Response to Outbreaks of Avian Influenza and Preparedness for a Human Health Emergency and the conclusions of the APEC Meeting on Avian and Pandemic Influenza Preparedness and Response.
· Adopt strong language in the Leaders' Declaration to commit economies, both individually and collectively, to practical and immediate actions to tackle avian and pandemic influenza.
[1] People's Republic of China; Hong Kong, China [few limited cases in wild birds]; Indonesia*; Japan; Republic of Korea; Malaysia; Russian Federation; Thailand*; and Vietnam*. (* have reported human cases) [2] In accordance with international guidelines.
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